Ethyl Chloride
Title: Ethyl Chloride
CAS Registry Number: 75-00-3
CAS Name: Chloroethane
Additional Names: monochlorethane; chlorethyl; aethylis chloridum; ether chloratus; ether hydrochloric; ether muriatic
Trademarks: Kelene; Chelen; Anodynon; Chloryl Anesthetic; Narcotile
Molecular Formula: C2H5Cl
Molecular Weight: 64.51
Percent Composition: C 37.24%, H 7.81%, Cl 54.96%
Literature References: Prepd by the action of chlorine on ethylene in the presence of HCl and light: US 2393509 (1946); by the action of chlorine on ethylene in the presence of the chlorides of copper, iron, antimony, and calcium: DE 298931; Bähr, Zieber, Angew. Chem. 1930, 233, 286; by heating alcohol, HCl and ZnCl2: US 2396639 (1946). Review of mfg processes: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 371-375; of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Chloroethane (PB99-121956, 1998) 186 pp.
Properties: Flammable gas at ordinary temp and pressure. Characteristic ethereal odor; burning taste. At low temps or under increased pressure, ethyl chloride is a mobile, very volatile liquid. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Keep container closed, out of sun, and away from heat. Use with adequate ventilation. Carbon dioxide is recommended for extinguishing ethyl chloride fires. d40 0.9214. Vapor density: 2.22 (air = 1.00). mp -138.7°. bp760 12.3°. When ethyl chloride is liberated at ordinary room temp from its sealed container (usually a tube with automatic closure) it vaporizes at once. bp2 atm 32.5°; bp10 atm 92.6°; bp30 atm 149.5°; bp50 atm 180.5°. Crit temp = 187.2°; crit press = 52.0 atm. Soly in water: 0.574 g/100 ml at 20°; in alcohol: 48.3 grams/100 ml. Miscible with ether. Ethyl chloride burns with a smoky, greenish flame, producing hydrogen chloride. Flash pt: -50°C (-58°F) (closed cup): -43°C (-45°F) (open cup). Explosive limits (% by vol in air): lower 3.6; upper 14.8.
Melting point: mp -138.7°
Boiling point: bp760 12.3°; bp2 atm 32.5°; bp10 atm 92.6°; bp30 atm 149.5°; bp50 atm 180.5°
Flash point: Flash pt: -50°C (-58°F) (closed cup): -43°C (-45°F) (open cup)
Density: d40 0.9214
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are incoordination, inebriation; abdominal cramps; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest; liver and kidney damage. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 134.
Use: Refrigerant, solvent, alkylating agent, starting point in the manuf of tetraethyl lead: US 1907701 (1933).
Therap-Cat: Anesthetic (topical).
Therap-Cat-Vet: Anesthetic (topical).
Keywords: Anesthetic (Local).

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