| Title:  Pelargonidin CAS Registry Number:  134-04-3 CAS Name:  3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride Additional Names:  3,4¢,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavylium chloride;  3,4¢,5,7-tetrahydroxy-2-phenylbenzopyrylium chloride Molecular Formula:  C15H11ClO5 Molecular Weight:  306.70 Percent Composition:  C 58.74%, H 3.62%, Cl 11.56%, O 26.08% Literature References:  The aglucone of pelargonin:  Willstätter, Bolton, Ann. 408, 42 (1914).  Synthesis:  Malkin, Robinson, J. Chem. Soc. 127, 1190 (1925); Robertson et al., 1928, 1533.  Prepn from kaempferol:  Mirza, Robinson, Nature 166, 997 (1950); King, White, J. Chem. Soc. 1957, 3901. Properties:  Reddish-brown prisms from 2% HCl or from alcoholic HCl.  Not melted at 350°.  Absorption max (ethanol + 0.01% HCl):  530 nm (e 32,000).  Sol in alcohol, methanol; moderately sol in water; slightly sol in chloroform. Absorption maximum:  Absorption max (ethanol + 0.01% HCl):  530 nm (e 32,000)   Derivative Type:  3,5-Diglucoside  CAS Registry Number:  17334-58-6 CAS Name:  3,5-Bis(b-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride Additional Names:  pelargonin;  monardin;  salvinin;  punicin Molecular Formula:  C27H31ClO15 Molecular Weight:  630.98 Percent Composition:  C 51.39%, H 4.95%, Cl 5.62%, O 38.03% Literature References:  From flowers of Pelargonium zonale Ait. var. meteor, Geraniaceae:  Willstätter, Bolton, loc. cit.; from scarlet roses:  Harborne, Experientia 17, 72 (1961).  Identity with monardin and salvinin:  Robinson, Todd, J. Chem. Soc. 1932, 2488.  Identity with punicin:  Karrer, Widmer, Helv. Chim. Acta 10, 67 (1927).  Structure:  Leon et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1931, 2672. Properties:  Red needles with green luster from methanol + HCl, dec 175-180°.  [a]D -291°.  Absorption max (methanol + HCl):  269, 505 nm.  Sol in water, alc. Optical Rotation:  [a]D -291° Absorption maximum:  Absorption max (methanol + HCl):  269, 505 nm   Derivative Type:  3-Glucoside  CAS Registry Number:  18466-51-8 CAS Name:  3-(b-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride Additional Names:  callistephin Molecular Formula:  C21H21ClO10 Molecular Weight:  468.84 Percent Composition:  C 53.80%, H 4.51%, Cl 7.56%, O 34.13% Literature References:  From purple-red aster (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees, Compositae):  Willstätter, Burdick, Ann. 412, 149 (1916); from strawberries:  Sondheimer, Kertesz, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 3476 (1948).  Structure and synthesis:  Robertson, Robinson, J. Chem. Soc. 1928, 1460. Properties:  Dark brownish-red needles with bronze luster.  Absorption max (ethanol + HCl):  515 nm (e 13,000).  Sol in water, methanol, ethanol, 0.5-7% aq HCl; moderately sol in 10% HCl. Absorption maximum:  Absorption max (ethanol + HCl):  515 nm (e 13,000)   |