Terpinene
Title: Terpinene
Molecular Formula: C10H16
Molecular Weight: 136.23
Percent Composition: C 88.16%, H 11.84%
Literature References: Mixture of three isomeric hydrocarbons: a-terpinene and g-terpinene which occur naturally and b-terpinene which has been prepd synthetically. Isoln of a-terpinene from cardamom and marjoram oils: Weber, Ann. 238, 101 (1887); Beltz, Ber. 32, 996 (1899). Isoln of a-terpinene from oils of Mosla japonica, M. grosserrata and Cupressus macrocarpa: Richter, Wolff, Ber. 60, 477 (1927); Briggs, Sutherland, J. Org. Chem. 7, 397 (1942). Prepn of b-terpinene from sabinine: Wallach, Ann. 357, 64 (1907); 362, 285 (1908). Structure: Wallach, ibid. 362, 293 (1908). Review: J. L. Simonsen, The Terpenes vol. I (University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed., 1947) pp 172-193.
 
Derivative Type: a-Terpinene
Properties: Oil, pleasant odor of lemons. bp 173.5-174.8°; bp13.5 65.4-66°, d419.6 0.8375. nD20 1.4784. Practically insol in water. Miscible with alcohol, ether.
Boiling point: bp 173.5-174.8°; bp13.5 65.4-66°
Index of refraction: nD20 1.4784
Density: d419.6 0.8375
 
Derivative Type: b-Terpinene
Properties: Oil, bp 173-174°. d22 0.838. nD22 1.4754.
Boiling point: bp 173-174°
Index of refraction: nD22 1.4754
Density: d22 0.838
 
Derivative Type: g-Terpinene
Properties: Oil, bp 183°. d415 0.853. nD15.6 1.4754.
Boiling point: bp 183°
Index of refraction: nD15.6 1.4754
Density: d415 0.853
 
Derivative Type: Dihydrochloride
Molecular Formula: C10H18Cl2
Molecular Weight: 209.16
Percent Composition: C 57.42%, H 8.67%, Cl 33.90%
Properties: Crystals, mp 51-52°.
Melting point: mp 51-52°

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